Chapter 13

Chapter 13- Origins and Organization of Jails and Prisons.
1. Pennsylvania system- a philosophy of imprisonment that promoted repentance through solitary confinement and prevented offenders from being corrupted by mixing with other offenders.
2. Auburn system- A philosophy of imprisonment that emphasized labor and meditation. Offenders worked every day, but they did so in complete silence.
3. Penitentiaries- maximum security federal correctional institutions
4. Correctional institutions- medium security federal correctional institutions
5. Metropolitan correctional centers (detention centers)- federal jail facilities for pretrial detention and for those serving short sentences.
6. Prisoners tend to be poorly educated and to come from single-parent households where alcohol and drugs were used. Many were physically or sexually abused and have family members who have been incarcerated.
7. Nearly all observers have viewed inmate work favorably, but business people and labor organizations fear competition from cheap prison labor.
8. The growing numbers of women in prison is usually associated with difficulties such as the nature of the women's crimes , family histories, and child care issues.
9. Violent crimes rapidly increased in recent years, usually from prisoners involved in gangs (prison gangs), such as instigating riots.
10. Freedom of religion and right to privacy are some basic rights prisoners have.